homeostasis pt 1

    Master this deck with 34 terms through effective study methods.

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    What is Physiology?

    Focuses on how living organisms function.

    What defines Homeostasis?

    Maintains stable internal conditions through dynamic responses.

    What is a Cell?

    The simplest unit of life in multicellular organisms.

    What is Cell Differentiation?

    Transforms unspecialized cells into specialized functional types.

    What is Tissue?

    Composed of a group of similar cells.

    How do Muscle Cells differ from Neurons?

    Muscle cells generate force, while neurons conduct electrical signals.

    What is a Neuron?

    Specialized for conducting electrical signals in the nervous system.

    What is a Nerve?

    Bundles of neuronal extensions with connective tissue.

    What are Epithelial Cells specialized for?

    Selective secretion, absorption, and protection.

    What is Epithelium?

    Tissue formed from epithelial cells, can be simple or stratified.

    What is the Basement Membrane?

    Supports epithelial cells and provides structural integrity.

    What is the Basolateral Side?

    Anchored to the basement membrane of epithelial cells.

    What is the Apical Side?

    Faces the interior of the body in epithelial cells.

    What are Tight Junctions?

    Hold epithelial cells together, forming selective barriers.

    What do Connective Tissue Cells do?

    Connect, anchor, and support body structures.

    What is the Extracellular Matrix (ECM)?

    Surrounds cells, providing a scaffold and transmitting signals.

    What is Extracellular Fluid?

    Fluid outside cells, including plasma and interstitial fluid.

    What is Intracellular Fluid?

    Fluid inside cells, making up a large portion of body fluid.

    What defines an Organ?

    Composed of two or more tissue types.

    What is an Organ System?

    A collection of organs performing a specific function.

    What is Dynamic Constancy?

    Physiological variables change short-term but remain stable long-term.

    What is Pathophysiology?

    Studies the effects of disrupted homeostasis.

    What is Negative Feedback?

    Counteracts changes to return a variable to its set point.

    What is Positive Feedback?

    Enhances processes, like contractions during labor.

    What is a Set Point?

    The target value for regulating physiological variables.

    What is a Reflex?

    An involuntary response to a specific stimulus.

    What is a Reflex Arc?

    Pathway mediating a reflex response.

    What is a Stimulus?

    A detectable change in the environment.

    What is a Receptor in a reflex arc?

    Detects environmental changes.

    What is the Afferent Pathway?

    Carries signals from receptors to the integrating center.

    What is the Integrating Center?

    Processes input from multiple receptors.

    What is the Efferent Pathway?

    Transmits information from the integrating center to effectors.

    What is an Effector?

    Carries out responses directed by the integrating center.

    What is a Hormone?

    Chemical messenger secreted into the blood by endocrine cells.