PDF Notes: 9

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    What is nitrification?

    Conversion of ammonia and nitrite to nitrate by bacteria.

    How does biofiltration improve water quality?

    Removes harmful substances through microbial processes.

    What factors affect biofilter performance?

    Substrate levels, oxygen concentration, and alkalinity.

    What is the role of biofilm in biofiltration?

    Protects bacteria and facilitates the metabolism of pollutants.

    How does ammonium accumulation occur in RAS?

    Increased recirculation without sufficient dilution.

    What happens to free ammonia at low pH?

    Its concentration decreases, reducing toxicity.

    What is the significance of TAN in aquaculture?

    Indicates total ammonium nitrogen levels in water.

    How do nitrifying bacteria contribute to biofiltration?

    They convert toxic ammonia into less harmful nitrate.

    What is the difference between autotrophic and heterotrophic processes?

    Autotrophic uses inorganic compounds; heterotrophic uses organic.

    What is the consequence of high nitrite levels in RAS?

    Can lead to toxicity and impaired fish health.

    What is the relationship between oxygen and nitrification?

    Nitrification is an oxygen-consuming process.

    What is the impact of temperature on nitrification rates?

    Higher temperatures generally increase nitrification efficiency.

    What is the role of alkalinity in biofiltration?

    Buffers pH and supports nitrification processes.

    How does biofilter design affect performance?

    Design influences surface area and flow dynamics for bacteria.

    What happens if oxygen levels are too low in a biofilter?

    Nitrification rates decrease, leading to ammonia buildup.

    What is the importance of measuring TAN in RAS?

    Helps assess the effectiveness of biofiltration.