pharmco

    Master this deck with 59 terms through effective study methods.

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    Created by @bjrs

    What is an antimicrobial drug?

    Suppresses or destroys microorganisms.

    What defines antibacterial drugs?

    Inhibit or kill bacteria specifically.

    What is the difference between bacteriostatic and bactericidal agents?

    Bacteriostatic prevents growth; bactericidal kills bacteria.

    How do penicillins work?

    They inhibit cell wall synthesis in bacteria.

    What are the common adverse reactions of penicillins?

    Allergic reactions, skin rash, and anaphylactic shock.

    What is the mode of action of cephalosporins?

    Inhibit cell wall synthesis, similar to penicillins.

    What is the primary use of aminoglycosides?

    Treat severe infections caused by gram-negative bacteria.

    What happens if a patient develops resistance to penicillin?

    They may require alternative antibiotics or higher doses.

    What is the mechanism of action of tetracyclines?

    Inhibit protein synthesis by binding to ribosomes.

    What are the side effects of fluoroquinolones?

    Nausea, diarrhea, and potential tendon damage.

    What is the role of sulfonamides?

    Inhibit folate synthesis in bacteria.

    What distinguishes carbapenems from other beta-lactams?

    They are resistant to many beta-lactamases.

    What is the primary action of azoles?

    Inhibit ergosterol synthesis in fungal cell membranes.

    What is the significance of using combination therapy in tuberculosis?

    Prevents the emergence of drug-resistant strains.

    What is the mechanism of action of metronidazole?

    Inhibits nucleic acid synthesis in anaerobic bacteria and protozoa.

    What is the primary use of amphotericin B?

    Treat severe systemic fungal infections.

    What are the common side effects of ganciclovir?

    Myelosuppression and gastrointestinal disturbances.

    What is the mechanism of action of antivirals like acyclovir?

    Inhibit viral DNA polymerase after activation in infected cells.

    What is the role of praziquantel?

    Treats schistosomiasis and other trematode infections.

    What is the primary action of ivermectin?

    Paralyzes nematodes and arthropods by enhancing GABA activity.

    What is the mechanism of action of nitazoxanide?

    Inhibits the pyruvate: ferredoxin oxidoreductase pathway.

    What is the significance of using beta-lactamase inhibitors?

    Protects beta-lactam antibiotics from degradation.

    What is the primary use of linezolid?

    Treat infections caused by multidrug-resistant gram-positive bacteria.

    What distinguishes the action of quinine?

    Effective against erythrocytic stages of malaria.

    What is the mechanism of action of chloroquine?

    Inhibits heme polymerization in malaria parasites.

    What is the primary use of dapsone?

    Treats leprosy and pneumocystis pneumonia.

    What is the action of metrifonate?

    Inhibits cholinesterase, paralyzing schistosomes.

    What is the mechanism of action of albendazole?

    Inhibits microtubule synthesis in helminths.

    What is the primary action of aztreonam?

    Targets aerobic gram-negative bacteria.

    What is the significance of using combination therapy in HIV treatment?

    Reduces the likelihood of developing drug resistance.

    What is the mechanism of action of protease inhibitors?

    Inhibit the processing of viral proteins.

    What is the primary use of nitazoxanide?

    Treats giardiasis and cryptosporidiosis.

    What is the action of clindamycin?

    Inhibits protein synthesis in anaerobic bacteria.

    What is the primary use of rifampin?

    Treats tuberculosis and leprosy.

    What is the mechanism of action of trimethoprim?

    Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase in bacteria.

    What is the primary action of amphotericin B?

    Binds to ergosterol in fungal cell membranes.

    What is the significance of using artemisinin-based combination therapies?

    Improves efficacy and prevents resistance in malaria treatment.

    What is the primary use of praziquantel?

    Treats schistosomiasis and other trematode infections.

    What is the mechanism of action of metronidazole?

    Inhibits nucleic acid synthesis in anaerobic bacteria.

    What is the primary action of azoles?

    Inhibit ergosterol synthesis in fungal cell membranes.

    What is the significance of using combination therapy in tuberculosis?

    Prevents the emergence of drug-resistant strains.

    What is the primary use of amphotericin B?

    Treat severe systemic fungal infections.

    What is the primary action of ivermectin?

    Paralyzes nematodes and arthropods by enhancing GABA activity.

    What is the mechanism of action of nitazoxanide?

    Inhibits the pyruvate: ferredoxin oxidoreductase pathway.

    What is the primary use of dapsone?

    Treats leprosy and pneumocystis pneumonia.

    What is the action of metrifonate?

    Inhibits cholinesterase, paralyzing schistosomes.

    What is the primary action of albendazole?

    Inhibits microtubule synthesis in helminths.

    What is the primary use of linezolid?

    Treat infections caused by multidrug-resistant gram-positive bacteria.

    What is the mechanism of action of quinine?

    Inhibits heme polymerization in malaria parasites.

    What is the primary use of chloroquine?

    Treats non-falciparum and sensitive falciparum malaria.

    What is the primary action of aztreonam?

    Targets aerobic gram-negative bacteria.

    What is the significance of using combination therapy in HIV treatment?

    Reduces the likelihood of developing drug resistance.

    What is the mechanism of action of protease inhibitors?

    Inhibit the processing of viral proteins.

    What is the primary use of nitazoxanide?

    Treats giardiasis and cryptosporidiosis.

    What is the action of clindamycin?

    Inhibits protein synthesis in anaerobic bacteria.

    What is the primary use of rifampin?

    Treats tuberculosis and leprosy.

    What is the mechanism of action of trimethoprim?

    Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase in bacteria.

    What is the primary action of amphotericin B?

    Binds to ergosterol in fungal cell membranes.

    What is the significance of using artemisinin-based combination therapies?

    Improves efficacy and prevents resistance in malaria treatment.