Quimica

What are periodic properties?

They vary based on an element's position in the periodic table.

How does atomic radius change in the periodic table?

It increases from top to bottom within a group.

What is atomic radius measured in?

Picometers, where 1 picometer equals 1 x 10^-12 meters.

Why does atomic radius increase down a group?

Atoms have more energy levels, making them larger.

How does atomic radius change across a period?

It decreases from left to right.

What causes the decrease in atomic radius across a period?

Increased nuclear charge pulls electrons closer.

What is ionization energy?

The energy required to remove the outermost electron from an atom.

How does ionization energy vary in the periodic table?

It increases from bottom to top within a group.

Why is it easier to remove an electron from larger atoms?

Electrons are further from the nucleus and less tightly held.

How does ionization energy change across a period?

It increases from left to right.

What is electron affinity?

The tendency of an atom to attract and gain electrons.

How does electron affinity vary in the periodic table?

It increases from bottom to top within a group.

What happens when an atom gains an electron?

It becomes a negatively charged ion.

How does electron affinity change across a period?

It increases from left to right.

What is the relationship between atomic radius and ionization energy?

As atomic radius increases, ionization energy decreases.

What is the relationship between ionization energy and electron affinity?

Higher ionization energy often correlates with higher electron affinity.