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Describes the atom as a uniform sphere of positive charge with electrons embedded.
Most of the atom's mass is concentrated in a small, dense nucleus.
Rutherford's model includes a central nucleus, while Thomson's model does not.
An alpha particle is released, reducing the atomic number by 2.
A neutron transforms into a proton, emitting an electron.
Gamma emission involves the release of energy without changing atomic structure.
They have low penetration ability and high ionizing power.
It indicates the time required for half of a radioactive sample to decay.
Determining the age of organic materials based on carbon-14 decay.
A heavy nucleus splits into smaller nuclei, releasing energy.
Light nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, releasing energy.
The total atomic number remains constant before and after the reaction.
They indicate the precision of measurements and calculations.
The equivalence of mass and energy, showing mass can be converted to energy.
The power generated by dividing energy by time.