Biology Unit 1

    Master this deck with 32 terms through effective study methods.

    The Natural Systems of classification

    Created by @study121

    What defines the Cell Theory?

    It explains that cells are the basic unit of life and arise from other cells.

    What are the seven characteristics of living things?

    They include movement, respiration, sensitivity, growth, reproduction, excretion, and nutrition.

    How do autotrophs obtain energy?

    They convert sunlight into energy through photosynthesis.

    What distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?

    Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles and a nucleus.

    What is homeostasis?

    It's the process that maintains stability in biological systems.

    What is the role of lysosomes in animal cells?

    They contain digestive chemicals to break down waste.

    What is the function of chloroplasts in plant cells?

    They convert sunlight into chemical energy via photosynthesis.

    What happens during respiration in cells?

    Nutrient molecules are broken down to release energy.

    What is the difference between sexual and asexual reproduction?

    Sexual reproduction requires two gametes, while asexual needs only one parent.

    What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?

    It contains DNA and regulates gene expression.

    What is the significance of the cell membrane?

    It regulates what enters and leaves the cell.

    How do viruses differ from living organisms?

    They lack metabolism and require a host to reproduce.

    What are prokaryotic cells?

    Cells without a true nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.

    What is the function of the nucleoid in prokaryotic cells?

    Houses the cell's DNA in a non-compartmentalized region.

    What role do plasmids play in bacteria?

    Carry non-essential DNA that can be transferred between bacteria.

    How do ribosomes function in prokaryotic cells?

    Synthesize proteins from amino acids.

    What is the purpose of the cell membrane?

    Acts as a selective barrier regulating entry and exit of substances.

    What distinguishes the cell wall of prokaryotic cells?

    Provides rigidity and prevents cell bursting.

    What is the function of a capsule in prokaryotic cells?

    Protects against desiccation and invasion.

    What is the role of flagella in prokaryotic cells?

    Facilitates movement through a motor protein.

    What do pili do in prokaryotic cells?

    Enable adherence to surfaces.

    What is cell differentiation?

    The process by which unspecialized cells become specialized.

    How are tissues formed?

    By groups of cells working together to perform shared functions.

    What defines an organ?

    A structure made of tissues working together for specific functions.

    What is an organ system?

    A group of organs with related functions working together.

    What happens during mitosis in early development?

    Cells divide to form a blastocyst, leading to embryo development.

    What are embryonic stem cells?

    Cells capable of dividing and differentiating into various cell types.

    What are adult stem cells?

    Cells that retain properties of embryonic stem cells in tissues.

    What is the purpose of using stains in microscopy?

    To enhance visibility of cell structures.

    What is the first step in using a light microscope?

    Mount the specimen on a slide with a cover.

    How do you focus a microscope?

    Start with low power and adjust using coarse and fine knobs.

    What is the function of the diaphragm in a microscope?

    Controls the amount of light passing through the specimen.