life science

    Master this deck with 24 terms through effective study methods.

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    What are the primary bioelements?

    Essential for life: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur.

    What is the main function of carbohydrates?

    Provide immediate energy.

    How do lipids differ from carbohydrates?

    Store long-term energy and insulate.

    What role do proteins play in the body?

    Perform various functions like structure and transport.

    What distinguishes DNA from RNA?

    DNA has a double helix and deoxyribose; RNA is single-stranded with ribose.

    What is the basic unit of life?

    The cell.

    How do prokaryotic cells differ from eukaryotic cells?

    Prokaryotes lack membrane-bound organelles and have circular DNA.

    What is the function of the nucleus?

    Controls cell activities and contains genetic material.

    What does the plasma membrane do?

    Regulates what enters and exits the cell.

    What is the role of mitochondria?

    Produce ATP through cellular respiration.

    What do ribosomes synthesize?

    Proteins.

    What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

    Modifies, packages, and distributes proteins.

    What do lysosomes do?

    Digest old organelles and bacteria.

    What is the function of chloroplasts?

    Convert light energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis.

    What did Robert Hooke discover?

    Cells in cork.

    What is the significance of the cell theory?

    All living things are composed of cells.

    What did Pasteur demonstrate?

    Microbes come from the air, not spontaneous generation.

    What is a chromosome?

    Condensed structure of DNA.

    What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

    Genotype is genetic information; phenotype is physical expression.

    What are homologous organs?

    Different functions but similar origins, indicating evolution.

    What characterizes the Monera kingdom?

    Unicellular prokaryotes that reproduce by binary fission.

    What defines the Fungi kingdom?

    Decomposers with chitin cell walls.

    What is unique about viruses?

    They are acelular and consist of genetic material and a protein coat.

    How do vaccines work against viruses?

    They prevent infections by stimulating the immune response.