memory

What is the duration of sensory memory?

Duration is very brief as information fades before it can be recalled

What is the capacity of sensory memory?

Capacity is larger than can be measured in the time it takes to recall

What was Miller's estimate of the capacity of short- term memory?

7±2 items

What did the Peterson's claim about the duration of short term memory from their experiment?

≈ 18 seconds (up to max of 30)

What does Bahrick's study show about the duration of long term memory?

Long term memories can remain stored for a very long time

What claim does the multi- store model make about the types of coding in short- term memory?

STM: coding is acoustic, i.e., in terms of sound

What claims does the multi- store model make about the types of coding in long- term memory?

LTM: coding is semantic, i.e., in terms of meaning

Identify two findings that support the working memory model

* Dual task experiments, e.g., Baddeley * Case study of KF

Episodic long- term memory involves recall of...

... events / experiences

Semantic long- term memory involves recall of...

...facts / meanings

Procedural long- term memory involves recall of...

...skills / abilities

What is meant by proactive interference?

Old memories disrupt recall of new memories

What is meant by retroactive interference?

New memories disrupt recall of old memories

Context dependent cues are...

...external / from the environment

State dependent cues are ...

...internal / physiological

Identify 2 types of misleading information

Leading questions Post- event discussion

How can interference theory explain how misleading information affects eyewitness recall?

New, misleading information from questioning or discussion retroactively interferes with original recall

Outline an explanation for how anxiety can reduce accuracy of eyewitness recall

Tunnel theory, high anxiety => weapon focus

Outline an explanation for how anxiety can enhance accuracy of eyewitness recall

Fight or flight response increases alertness and memory

Identify the two elements of the cognitive interview that research and the police identify as the most useful

Report everything Reinstate context

Identify the other two elements of the cognitive interview

Reverse order Change perspective