Final study thing EDUC501

What age range generally is defined as middle adulthood?

Approximately 40–65 years.

What condition is caused by poor fluid drainage in the eye?

Glaucoma

What describes age-related declines in vision?

Presbyopia

What is age-related hearing loss called?

Presbycusis

What approach to stress management targets the root cause?

Problem-focused coping

In middle adulthood, this term focuses on (a) how much information individuals can manipulate in working memory, (b) whether individuals can disregard irrelevant information, and (c) whether individuals can flexibly shift their focus of attention as situations demand.

Executive function or Executive control

Which form of intelligence tends to improve with age?

Crystallized intelligence.

What is the core psychological conflict of middle adulthood according to Erikson?

Generativity vs. Stagnation.

What tension involves balancing aging with youth?

Young vs. Old.

What tension involves reflecting on past harm and making contributions?

Destruction vs. Creation.

What tension involves integrating masculine and feminine aspects?

Masculine vs. Feminine.

What tension involves balancing external commitments with personal reflection?

Engagement vs. Separateness.

What describes cognitive representations of future selves?

Possible selves

What process involves embracing one's strengths and weaknesses?

Self-acceptance.

What describes managing a complex array of tasks effectively?

Environmental mastery.

What describes concern with self-chosen standards?

Autonomy.

What age range generally is defined as late adulthood?

Approximately 65 years and older.

What describes years a person can expect to live in full health?

Healthy life expectancy.

What are the most basic self-care tasks?

Activities of Daily Living (ADLs).

What tasks are required for independent living?

Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs).

Name two core dimensions of wisdom.

Factual knowledge, Procedural knowledge, Lifespan contextualism, Relativism of values, Recognition and management of uncertainty

Name two factors associated with reduced cognitive decline in old age.

education, physical activity, social engagement, healthy diet, cognitive stimulation, cardiovascular health, not smoking

What describes anxiety about confirming negative stereotypes related to aging?

Stereotype threat (specifically age-based stereotype threat)

What describes the tendency to focus on positive information in older adults?

Positivity effect.

What theory suggests aging adults maintain a sense of self over time?

Continuity theory.

What theory suggests changes in social networks prioritize close relationships?

Socioemotional Selectivity Theory (SST).

What describes the dynamic process of social circles?

Social convoy model.

What describes the general mistreatment of aging adults?

Elder maltreatment.

Who most often perpetrates elder maltreatment?

Family members.

For which age group did divorce rates rise substantially between 1990 and 2010?

Adults aged 50 and older.

What describes elements of a marriage that yield satisfaction?

Rewards or attractions.

What describes obstacles that make it difficult to end a marriage?

Barriers.

What describes options one might pursue instead of the current marriage?

Alternatives.

Name one unique challenge faced by stepfamilies formed in later life.

Complex financial issues, Adult stepchildren who may resist new family roles, Lack of shared family history

What percentage of individuals experience a 'gentle' death?

Approximately 20%.

What are Kübler-Ross’s five typical responses to dying?

Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance.

What is the core critique of Kübler-Ross’s theory?

Lacks empirical support.

What describes a stressor event involving unclear loss?

Ambiguous loss.

What type of ambiguous loss involves a loved one physically absent?

Type 1 ambiguous loss.

What type of ambiguous loss involves a loved one physically present?

Type 2 ambiguous loss.