Master this deck with 42 terms through effective study methods.
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It increases pH, converting caffeine to a more soluble free-base form.
To enhance extraction efficiency and maximize caffeine yield.
It removes traces of water from the organic phase.
Solvent must dissolve caffeine, be immiscible with water, and low in toxicity.
To prevent caffeine decomposition and avoid breaking the beaker.
It separates caffeine from the solvent by evaporation under reduced pressure.
To purify solid organic compounds by removing impurities based on solubility differences.
Distilled water is typically used.
Solubility in hot and cold states, and reactivity with the compound.
There are three alcohol isomers: butanol, isobutanol, and tert-butanol.
The staggered conformer is more stable due to minimized steric strain.
To heat the reaction mixture without losing volatile solvents.
It acts as a solvent that dissolves both oil and sodium hydroxide.
To decrease solubility and precipitate soap from the mixture.
To remove impurities while minimizing soap loss.
Fat/Oil + Base → Glycerol + Soap.
Sodium salts yield hard soaps, while potassium salts yield soft soaps.
It is the most stable conformation due to minimized steric strain.
Caffeine consumption can lead to increased blood pressure.
It may lower the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes.
Withdrawal symptoms such as headaches and fatigue may occur.
It increases pH, converting caffeine to a more soluble free-base form.
To enhance extraction efficiency and maximize caffeine yield.
It removes traces of water from the organic phase.
Solvent must dissolve caffeine, be immiscible with water, and low in toxicity.
To prevent caffeine decomposition and avoid breaking the beaker.
It separates caffeine from the solvent by evaporation under reduced pressure.
To purify solid organic compounds by removing impurities based on solubility differences.
Distilled water is typically used.
Solubility differences of the compound and impurities in hot and cold solvents.
There are three alcohol isomers: butanol, isobutanol, and tert-butanol.
The staggered conformation is the most stable due to minimized steric strain.
To heat the reaction mixture without losing volatile solvents through evaporation.
It acts as a solvent that dissolves both oil and sodium hydroxide.
To decrease solubility of soap, causing it to precipitate from the mixture.
To remove impurities while minimizing soap loss.
Fat/Oil + Base → Glycerol + Soap.
Sodium salts yield hard soaps, while potassium salts yield soft soaps.
Purifying a compound based on differences in solubility.
1,3,7-trimethyl-1H-purine-2,6(3H,7H)-dione.
It may protect brain cells and reduce risks of certain diseases.
It can cause increased heart rate, insomnia, and dependency.