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    Master this deck with 17 terms through effective study methods.

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    What is a buffer?

    A temporary storage area for data during processing.

    How do buffers improve efficiency in printing?

    They allow the microprocessor to continue working while waiting for the printer.

    What is the role of an interrupt service routine (ISR)?

    To handle interrupts by executing specific tasks when triggered.

    What happens when an interrupt is received?

    The current task's status is saved before servicing the interrupt.

    What distinguishes system software from application software?

    System software manages hardware, while application software performs specific tasks.

    What is the function of an operating system?

    To manage hardware resources and provide a user interface.

    What is a device driver?

    Software that enables communication between hardware and the operating system.

    What is the purpose of utility software?

    To perform maintenance tasks on a computer.

    How does a compiler differ from an interpreter?

    A compiler translates entire programs at once, while an interpreter translates line by line.

    What is multitasking in operating systems?

    Running multiple processes simultaneously by sharing resources.

    What is the significance of memory management?

    To allocate and track memory usage for running applications.

    What does security management in an operating system do?

    Ensures data integrity and controls user access.

    What is the difference between a CLI and a GUI?

    CLI requires typed commands, while GUI uses icons for interaction.

    What is the function of back-up software?

    To create copies of data for recovery in case of loss.

    What is the purpose of defragmentation software?

    To reorganize scattered data on a hard drive for faster access.

    What happens during the booting process?

    The operating system is loaded into RAM to start the computer.

    What is the role of the BIOS?

    To initialize hardware and load the operating system at startup.