Explain all the important terms from this pdf. Create notes for me and also create a list of possible questions from this pdf along with scoring answers.

What is a statistical hypothesis?

An assumption about an unknown population parameter that can be tested.

What characterizes a good hypothesis?

It should be clear, testable, and state relationships between variables.

How does a null hypothesis differ from an alternative hypothesis?

The null hypothesis states no effect, while the alternative suggests a significant effect.

What is the purpose of hypothesis testing?

To decide whether to accept or reject a hypothesis based on sample information.

What is a one-sample t-test used for?

To determine if a sample mean significantly differs from a known population mean.

What are the steps in performing a one-sample t-test?

State hypotheses, choose significance level, calculate t-statistic, compare to critical value, make a decision.

What does it mean if |t| > t-critical?

Reject the null hypothesis, indicating significant evidence against it.

What is the significance level in hypothesis testing?

The probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true, commonly set at 0.05 or 0.01.

What is an independent sample t-test?

A method to compare means between two separate groups.

What happens if the sample size is smaller than 30 in a t-test?

The population standard deviation is unknown, requiring a t-test instead of a z-test.