Insurance 1

    Master this deck with 30 terms through effective study methods.

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    What is insurance?

    A method to pool resources to cover potential losses.

    What defines a loss?

    An unexpected reduction of something of economic value.

    What is a peril?

    The cause of loss, such as fire or theft.

    What is a hazard?

    A circumstance that increases the likelihood of a loss.

    How do moral hazards differ from physical hazards?

    Moral hazards involve character integrity, while physical hazards are tangible conditions.

    What is pure risk?

    The chance of loss without any opportunity for gain.

    What is speculative risk?

    Involves both the chance of loss and the possibility of gain.

    What are the five methods of managing risk?

    Avoidance, Retention, Sharing, Reduction, Transfer.

    What is risk transfer?

    Shifting potential loss from one party to another.

    What distinguishes social insurance from private insurance?

    Social insurance is mandatory and benefits are prescribed by law.

    What is the Social Security Act?

    Legislation providing retirement and disability benefits since 1935.

    What is the Primary Insurance Amount (PIA)?

    The benefit amount based on average earnings before retirement.

    What is life insurance?

    Insurance guaranteeing a sum to a beneficiary upon the insured's death.

    What is an annuity?

    An investment providing fixed or variable income payments over time.

    What is indemnity in insurance?

    Restoring the insured to their financial condition before a loss.

    What are unilateral contracts?

    Contracts where only one party makes enforceable promises.

    What are conditional contracts?

    Contracts requiring certain conditions to be met for claims to be paid.

    What is a group insurance policy?

    Coverage for a specified number of people under a master contract.

    What is a noncontributory plan?

    A group insurance plan where the employer pays 100% of the premium.

    What is a contributory plan?

    A group insurance plan where costs are shared between employer and employees.

    What is a mutual insurance company?

    An insurer owned by policyholders who share in profits.

    What is a stock insurance company?

    An insurer owned by shareholders who profit from stock value changes.

    What is a captive insurer?

    An insurer owned by a parent company to cover its own risks.

    What is the Law of Large Numbers?

    A principle allowing insurers to predict losses based on large groups.

    What is underwriting?

    The process of selecting and classifying risks for insurance.

    What are ideally insurable risks?

    Risks that are uncertain, measurable, significant, and not catastrophic.

    What is the role of agents in insurance?

    To solicit applications and assist clients in obtaining insurance.

    What is the difference between an agent and a broker?

    Agents represent insurers, while brokers represent clients.

    What is the purpose of a probationary period in group insurance?

    To avoid immediate coverage for new employees.

    What is dependent coverage in insurance?

    Coverage extending to the insured's spouse, children, and other dependents.