PDF Notes: Exam 3 Review Slides

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    What defines Cell Theory?

    Cells arise only from pre-existing cells.

    What distinguishes Prokaryotes from Eukaryotes?

    Prokaryotes lack a nucleus; Eukaryotes have membrane-bound organelles.

    What is the Fluid Mosaic Model?

    Describes the dynamic arrangement of lipids and proteins in the cell membrane.

    What happens during Glycolysis?

    Glucose is broken down to produce ATP and pyruvate.

    What is the role of the Nucleus?

    Houses DNA and is the site of RNA synthesis.

    How does the Endoplasmic Reticulum differ from the Cytosol?

    ER is a membrane-bound structure; Cytosol is the liquid component of the cytoplasm.

    What is the function of Vesicle Transport?

    Transports materials within the cell and to the cell membrane.

    What occurs during the Kreb’s Cycle?

    Acetyl-CoA is oxidized to produce electron carriers for ATP synthesis.

    What is the significance of the Golgi Apparatus?

    Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for secretion or delivery.

    What is the difference between Simple Diffusion and Facilitated Transport?

    Simple diffusion does not require proteins; facilitated transport does.

    What are the components of the Cell Membrane?

    Lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates.

    What is the main function of Photosynthesis?

    Converts light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.

    What is the role of ATP Transporters?

    Facilitate the movement of ATP across membranes.

    What happens during the Light Reactions of Photosynthesis?

    Light energy is converted into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH.

    What is the function of the Cytoskeleton?

    Provides structural support and facilitates cell movement.

    What distinguishes Active Transport from Passive Transport?

    Active transport requires energy; passive transport does not.

    What is the role of Receptor Activation in Cell Signaling?

    Initiates a cascade of cellular responses to external signals.