MORPHOLOGY

    Master this deck with 25 terms through effective study methods.

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    Created by @manu

    What describes the diverse forms of life on earth?

    Observation through naked eyes or microscopes.

    How does the description of life forms contribute to biology?

    It helps frame research questions in physiology and evolutionary biology.

    What are the main parts of a flowering plant?

    Roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits.

    What distinguishes a primary root from a fibrous root?

    Primary roots grow directly from the radicle; fibrous roots originate from the stem base.

    What is the function of root hairs?

    They absorb water and minerals from the soil.

    What is the role of the stem in a plant?

    It supports branches and conducts water, minerals, and photosynthates.

    What is the difference between nodes and internodes in a stem?

    Nodes are where leaves are born; internodes are the segments between nodes.

    What is the primary function of leaves?

    Photosynthesis.

    What is the significance of Katherine Esau in plant biology?

    She revitalized the discipline with her influential publications.

    What is the purpose of the root cap?

    It protects the root apex as it grows through the soil.

    What are the main parts of a leaf?

    Includes leaf base, petiole, and lamina.

    What is the function of the petiole?

    Holds the leaf blade to light.

    What distinguishes monocotyledons from dicotyledons in leaf structure?

    Monocots have parallel venation; dicots have reticulate venation.

    What is venation?

    Arrangement of veins in the leaf lamina.

    What defines a simple leaf?

    Lamina is entire or incised without reaching the midrib.

    What are the two types of compound leaves?

    Pinnately and palmately compound leaves.

    What is phyllotaxy?

    Pattern of leaf arrangement on a stem.

    How does racemose inflorescence differ from cymose?

    Racemose has continuous growth; cymose terminates in a flower.

    What is the role of the flower in angiosperms?

    It serves as the reproductive unit for sexual reproduction.

    What are the four whorls of a typical flower?

    Calyx, corolla, androecium, and gynoecium.

    What is the difference between hypogynous and epigynous flowers?

    Hypogynous has a superior ovary; epigynous has an inferior ovary.

    What is the function of the calyx?

    Protects the flower in the bud stage.

    What is aestivation in flowers?

    Arrangement of sepals or petals in a floral bud.

    What does androecium consist of?

    Composed of stamens, the male reproductive organs.

    What is a staminode?

    A sterile stamen that does not produce pollen.