H Evolution Review

What is the name given to the preserved remains or traces of dead organisms?

Fossils provide evidence of past life.

Which animal is more closely related to the dog based on DNA sequences?

Genetic similarity indicates evolutionary relationships.

What is the name given to the fossil that shows evidence of evolution from lizards to snakes?

Transitional forms illustrate evolutionary changes.

What is the missing word: genetic drift can occur through the '___________' effect?

Founder effect leads to allele frequency changes.

What do we call structures that no longer have a function in an organism?

Vestigial structures indicate evolutionary history.

Natural selection can also be described as 'Survival of the ____________'.

Fittest individuals reproduce more successfully.

A characteristic that enables an organism to survive in its environment is called a/an _______________.

Adaptation enhances survival chances.

Which type of animal did Darwin observe on the Galapagos islands?

Finches demonstrated variation and adaptation.

What can cause genetic variation between individuals of the same species?

Mutations introduce new genetic material.

What do we call structures found in different species that are similar in function but evolved independently?

Analogous structures arise from convergent evolution.

Which layer of rock is the oldest?

Lower layers typically contain older fossils.

Which type of phenotypic variation can be seen in the beetle population?

Coloration can affect survival and reproduction.

Which animal appears to be most closely related to the mouse?

Genetic analysis reveals evolutionary links.

Which type of selection is shown in the graph?

Directional selection favors one extreme phenotype.

Which of these is NOT a reason for gaps in the fossil record?

Soft-bodied organisms rarely fossilize.

What do we call structures found in different species that have shared ancestry?

Homologous structures indicate common descent.

Which size of population is more vulnerable to the effects of genetic drift?

Small populations experience greater genetic drift.

What is the missing word: development of bacteria with antibiotic ________________?

Resistance shows evolution in action.

What can the spurs of Pythons be described as?

Vestigial structures reflect evolutionary history.

TRUE OR FALSE: Evolution states that all living organisms descended from a single common ancestor.

True; it supports the theory of common descent.

If the environment is stable, which variety of beetle would become more common?

The favored variety will increase in frequency.

What is the name for the type of selection favoring one extreme of phenotypic range?

Directional selection shifts population traits.

What is the name for the entire genetic material of an organism?

Genome contains all hereditary information.

What is evolution?

Gradual change of heritable traits over time.

What is the missing word: another example of genetic drift is the '__________' effect?

Bottleneck effect reduces genetic diversity.

What can reveal hidden homologies not seen in fully developed organisms?

Studying developmental patterns provides insights.

What is the name for the study of the distribution of living organisms?

Biogeography examines species distribution.

TRUE OR FALSE: Natural selection cannot act upon a population of clones.

True; genetic variation is necessary for selection.