Handwritten Notes

    Master this deck with 25 terms through effective study methods.

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    What is the general electronic configuration of group 16th?

    Elements in this group typically have six valence electrons.

    What is the trend in ionization energy across group 16th?

    Ionization energy increases from bottom to top.

    What is the trend in ionization energy across group 17th?

    Ionization energy increases as you move up the group.

    Which elements are present in the 16th group of the periodic table?

    Includes oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, and polonium.

    Which elements are present in the 17th group of the periodic table?

    Includes fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine.

    Why do halogens not occur in free state?

    They are highly reactive and form compounds readily.

    Why does Fluorine not exhibit positive oxidation state?

    It has the highest electronegativity and prefers to gain electrons.

    Justify why Fluorine is a powerful oxidizing agent.

    It readily accepts electrons due to its high electronegativity.

    What is oxidation state?

    The charge of an atom in a compound based on electron transfer.

    What are interhalogen compounds?

    Compounds formed between different halogens.

    What is the trend in the oxidizing power of halogens as you move down the group?

    Oxidizing power decreases down the group.

    What is ionization energy?

    The energy required to remove an electron from an atom.

    Why do halogens have a strong tendency to gain electrons?

    They have high electronegativity and need one more electron to achieve stability.

    What is polarizing power?

    The ability of a cation to distort the electron cloud of an anion.

    How does the size of an ion affect its polarizing power?

    Smaller cations have higher polarizing power.

    What is Fajan's Rules?

    Guidelines predicting covalent character in ionic bonds based on size and charge.

    What is the effect of polarization on the nature of a bond?

    Increased polarization can lead to more covalent character.

    What is the most common oxidation state of alkali metals?

    They typically exhibit a +1 oxidation state.

    Why are alkali metals highly reactive?

    They have one electron in their outer shell, which they readily lose.

    What is the trend in atomic size as we move across Group 13 to Group 15?

    Atomic size decreases across the period.

    What is critical temperature?

    The temperature above which a gas cannot be liquefied.

    Define surface tension.

    The cohesive force at the surface of a liquid.

    How does temperature affect surface tension?

    Surface tension decreases as temperature increases.

    What is viscosity?

    A measure of a fluid's resistance to flow.

    How does temperature affect viscosity?

    Viscosity decreases as temperature increases.