PDF Notes: Chapter 1

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    What distinguishes a pure substance from an impure substance?

    Pure substances consist of only one type of particle.

    What happens to water when it is cooled?

    It changes from liquid to solid without altering its chemical composition.

    What defines a physical change?

    Only physical properties change, and the original state can be restored.

    How does a chemical change differ from a physical change?

    Chemical changes result in new substances with different properties.

    What is an example of a physical change?

    Melting of ice or boiling of water.

    What is a characteristic of a chemical change?

    It often involves the formation of one or more new products.

    What happens to the weight of a substance during a physical change?

    The weight remains constant.

    What is combustion?

    The burning of a substance in air, combining it with oxygen.

    What are exothermic chemical changes?

    Changes that release heat during the reaction.

    What is the role of oxygen in combustion?

    It supports combustion and helps substances burn more brightly.

    What is a flame?

    The visible part of a fire, consisting of burning gases.

    What are the three zones of a candle flame?

    Non-luminous, luminous, and dark zones.

    What occurs in the non-luminous zone of a flame?

    Complete combustion takes place, producing a blue flame.

    What is the significance of a flame test?

    It identifies metals based on the color produced in a flame.

    What happens during the melting of wax?

    It changes from solid to liquid without altering its chemical composition.

    What is an endothermic chemical change?

    A change that absorbs heat during the reaction.