PDF Notes: edited_Types of Transmission Lines-1-8

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    What is a transmission line?

    Guides electrical energy with minimal power loss.

    How does a two-wire transmission line behave?

    Acts like a long capacitor with varying capacitive reactance.

    What are distributed constants in transmission lines?

    Inductance, capacitance, and resistance spread along the line.

    What causes inductance in a transmission line?

    Magnetic fields around wires maintain current flow.

    What is the effect of dielectric losses?

    Heating of dielectric material reduces power efficiency.

    What is characteristic impedance?

    Impedance value at which maximum energy transfer occurs.

    What happens when source and load impedances match?

    Energy travels without reflection losses.

    What are copper losses?

    Power loss due to resistance in conductors.

    What is skin effect?

    Current flows mainly on the surface of conductors at high frequencies.

    What is leakage current?

    Current that flows through the dielectric between conductors.

    What is the standing-wave ratio (SWR)?

    Ratio indicating how well a line is terminated.

    What is the voltage standing-wave ratio (VSWR)?

    Ratio of maximum to minimum voltage on a line.

    How does a twisted pair transmission line differ from others?

    Consists of two insulated wires twisted together.

    What is the advantage of a shielded pair?

    Balanced to ground, reducing interference.

    What is the main benefit of coaxial lines?

    Minimized radiation losses due to confined fields.

    What are waveguides used for?

    Efficiently transfer electromagnetic energy at microwave frequencies.