PDF Notes: �فحوصات_شعاعية_خاصة_للجهاز_الصفراوي_والتناسلي_المرحلة_الثانية_الكورس

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    What are the methods of imaging the hepatobiliary system?

    Includes ultrasound, CT, MRI, and ERCP.

    What is the primary use of ultrasound in liver imaging?

    To assess suspected liver lesions and jaundice.

    How does CT cholangiography differ from routine CT?

    CT cholangiography specifically visualizes bile ducts.

    What is the significance of fasting before a gallbladder ultrasound?

    Fasting improves gallbladder visualization.

    What does a triphasic waveform in hepatic veins indicate?

    Reflects normal right atrial pressures.

    What are the indications for performing an ERCP?

    To diagnose and treat bile duct obstructions.

    What is the role of contrast-enhanced ultrasound?

    Characterizes focal liver lesions using microbubbles.

    What condition is indicated by a dilated portal vein?

    Possible portal hypertension.

    What is the normal thickness of the gallbladder wall?

    Should not exceed 3 mm.

    What happens to gallbladder volume after a fatty meal?

    Normal contraction reduces volume by over 25%.