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A series of mitotic divisions that lead to the formation of an embryo.
Yolk concentration influences whether cleavage is holoblastic or meroblastic.
Entire egg divides evenly, producing cells of similar size.
Only a small disc of cytoplasm divides due to large yolk presence.
The embryo transforms into a three-layered structure called gastrula.
Ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm.
The formation of organs and systems during embryonic development.
Differentiation of ectoderm that leads to brain and spinal cord formation.
Forms peripheral nerves and various cell types during development.
It proposed unequal distribution of hereditary material during cell division.
Nucleus determines characteristics; cytoplasm regulates gene expression.
Separated sea urchin cells can each develop into normal larvae.