PDF Notes: microarrays

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    What are DNA microarrays?

    Used to analyze gene expression across thousands of genes.

    What is the principle behind DNA microarrays?

    Relies on hybridization of complementary nucleic acid strands.

    What is a probe in the context of DNA microarrays?

    Represents a single gene on the microarray.

    How do fluorescent dyes function in DNA microarrays?

    Label samples to visualize hybridization signals.

    What distinguishes cDNA microarrays from oligonucleotide microarrays?

    cDNA arrays use amplified cDNA, while oligonucleotide arrays use short DNA sequences.

    What happens during the hybridization step of DNA microarray analysis?

    Labeled cDNAs bind to complementary probes on the chip.

    What is the role of a microarray scanner?

    Collects data by detecting fluorescence from hybridized cDNAs.

    What are some applications of DNA microarrays?

    Used in diagnostics, drug discovery, and gene expression profiling.

    What is a key advantage of DNA microarrays?

    Can provide data for thousands of genes simultaneously.

    What defines protein microarrays?

    Immobilize numerous proteins to analyze interactions in a high-throughput format.

    How do protein microarrays differ from DNA microarrays?

    Focus on protein interactions rather than gene expression.

    What is the purpose of analytical protein microarrays?

    Profile protein mixtures to measure binding affinities and expression levels.

    What is the function of reverse-phase protein microarrays?

    Identify specific proteins in various lysate samples.

    What is a requirement for fabricating protein microarrays?

    Surface must allow protein immobilization while preserving 3D structure.

    What is a benefit of using protein microarrays in research?

    Can assay hundreds of proteins simultaneously.