1026856994

    Master this deck with 23 terms through effective study methods.

    Imported from Quizlet

    Created by @hehe

    Industrialization

    the process of developing machine production of goods

    Samuel Slater

    He was a British mechanic that moved to America and in 1791 invented the first American machine for spinning cotton. He is known as "the Father of the Factory System" and he started the idea of child labor in America's factories.

    Steam Engine (James Watt)

    A machine that turns the energy released by burning fuel into motion. Thomas Newcomen built the first crude but workable steam engine in 1712. James Watt vastly improved his device in the 1760s and 1770s. Steam power was then applied to machinery.

    Positives of the Industrial Revolution

    1- Increased Standard of Living (SOL); 2- Increase technology; and, 3- increase jobs.

    Negatives of Industrial Revolution

    1- Exploitation of workers; 2- environmental pollutions; and, 3- decrease in quality of product.

    6 Criteria needed for Industrialization

    1- Capital; 2- Human innovation; 3- Natural Resources; 4- Political Stability; 5- Population of Workers and Consumers; and, 6- Transportation.

    Horizontal Integration

    Type of monopoly where a company buys out all of its competition. Ex. Rockefeller

    Vertical Integration

    the combination in one company of two or more stages of production normally operated by separate companies.

    Captains of Industry

    A name given company owners such as Carnegie and Rockefeller by people who believed they steered the economy into prosperity.

    Robber Barons

    an American capitalist who acquired a fortune in the late nineteenth century by ruthless means.

    Sherman Antitrust Act

    1890 law banning any trust that restrained interstate trade or commerce

    Exploitation of Workers

    low wages, bad conditions, child workers.

    strike

    to refuse to work in order to force an employer to meet certain demands

    labor union

    An organization of workers that tries to improve working conditions, wages, and benefits for its members

    Collective Bargaining Agreement

    Agreement or contract negotiated through collective bargaining process.

    Immigration

    Migration to a new location

    Push Factors of Immigration

    economic troubles, overcrowding, poverty

    Pull Factors of Immigration

    Economic Opportunities, Religious Freedoms, & Political Freedoms.

    Melting Pot Theory

    American culture is a blend of many different cultures (i.e. - Assimilation)

    Urbanization

    Movement of people from rural areas to cities

    Urbanization Issues

    Sanitation (garbage in streets, sewage), fire (limited water, earthquakes, no fire fighters, wooden buildings), crime (pickpockets)

    Progressive Movement Goals

    protecting social welfare, promoting moral improvement, creating economic reform, fostering efficiency

    Progressive Amendments (16-19)

    16th- income tax; 17th direct election of the senators; 18th- prohibition; 19th- gave women the right to vote