Master this deck with 97 terms through effective study methods.
Imported from Quizlet
a long continuous fibre strand
short fibres spun into yarn
relating to plant-based fibres (cotton linen viscose)
the protein structure of wool and silk
fibre made of two polymer types
the degree of ordered molecular arrangement in a fibre
disordered molecular zones affecting dye uptake and flexibility
the capacity of a fibre to absorb atmospheric moisture
the difference in refractive indices along fibre axes
the breaking strength of a fibre relative to its linear density
the ability of fibres to cling together during processing
the natural or induced waviness of a fibre
removing short fibres to produce smoother yarn
disentangling and aligning fibres before spinning
the number of twisted strands in a yarn
units measuring yarn linear density
drawing out fibres to reduce thickness before twisting
a loosely twisted slightly drafted fibre bundle prior to final spinning
a numerical expression of yarn fineness (Ne Nm systems)
a yarn formation method bypassing conventional roving stages
using compressed air vortices to twist fibres into yarn
forming yarn by rolling fibres between moving surfaces
a process imparting bulk and stretch to filament yarns
the rotational force causing yarn to twist or snarl
longitudinal yarns held under tension on a loom
transverse yarns interlaced through the warp
the self-finished edge of a woven fabric
separating warp threads to allow weft insertion
the pattern of warp and weft crossings
a weave producing diagonal parallel ribs
a yarn segment passing over multiple intersections without interlacing
a construction with long floats producing a smooth lustrous surface
a textile with cut or uncut loops projecting from the base cloth
a complex weave mechanism allowing individual warp thread control
a structure where warp threads twist around each other to lock the weft
a knitting loop held without being knitted adding texture and width
a horizontal row of loops in a knitted fabric
a vertical column of loops in a knitted structure
alkali treatment of cotton to increase lustre and strength
burning off surface fibres to create a smooth finish
removing impurities from raw fibre or fabric
removing sizing agents applied during weaving
oxidative or reductive whitening of grey fabric
chemical breakdown of fibres by water (damaging to polyester/nylon)
the alkaline degradation of acetate fibres
fluorescent compound absorbing UV and re-emitting as blue-white
compound sequestering metal ions that interfere with dyeing
using biological catalysts to remove impurities sustainably
enzymatic removal of pectin and wax from cotton
a fixative agent binding dye to fibre
a dye with direct affinity for fibre without mordant
applying dye by padding and then batching the fabric
removing colour from dyed fabric to create patterns
resistance of a dye to fading (light wash)
the proportion of dye transferred from liquor to fibre
the ratio of water volume to fabric weight in a dyebath
the thermodynamic tendency of a dye to migrate onto fibre
the uniform distribution of dye across a fabric substrate
the movement of dye molecules toward equilibrium distribution
the percentage of applied dye that bonds permanently
dye forming covalent bonds with hydroxyl or amino groups
passing fabric through heated rollers to create sheen
a mechanical pre-shrinking process for woven fabrics
stretching fabric to standard width under heat
mechanically lifting surface fibres for a napped effect
cutting raised fibres to a uniform height
applying polymer crosslinks for crease recovery or stiffness
applying lubricants or silicone to improve fabric handle
bonding two or more fabric layers with adhesive or heat
measure of breathability (Moisture Vapour Transmission Rate)
water pressure resistance of a waterproof fabric
Phase-change material for temperature regulation
blocking EM fields using conductive fibres
treatment inhibiting microbial growth on fabric
rating of fabric's ability to block UV radiation
surface treatment repelling oils and grease
capillary transport of moisture through a fabric
fabric made by bonding fibres without weaving or knitting
permeable textile used in civil engineering
fabric with integrated electronic or reactive properties
resistance of a fibre or fabric to breaking under tension
how much a fibre stretches before snapping
tendency of fibres to form small surface bobbles
quantified resistance to surface bobble formation
ability of a fabric to withstand surface wear
pressure required to rupture a fabric
numerical measure of how freely fabric hangs
degree to which fabric retains dimensions after stress
residual twist forces causing spirality in knits
systematic classification of fibres by quality
lifecycle assessment from raw material to factory gate
fibre produced from post-consumer plastic bottles
solvent-spun cellulosic fibre produced in a closed-loop system
capacity of a material to decompose biologically
processing of wastewater from dyeing/finishing
total GHG emissions across the production chain
transforming waste textiles into higher-value products