PDF Notes: Unit 4

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    What defines an animal?

    Possesses specialized tissues and a diplontic life cycle.

    What are autapomorphic characters in animals?

    New traits not found in LUCA or other life forms.

    How do animals differ from prokaryotes?

    Animals have complex tissue structures and are multicellular.

    What is the significance of motility in animals?

    Enables movement for feeding and reproduction.

    What are the four specialized tissue types in animals?

    Connective, epithelial, muscle, and nervous tissue.

    How does connective tissue function in animals?

    Supports body structure and includes an extracellular matrix.

    What is the role of epithelial tissue?

    Covers and protects internal organs and body surfaces.

    What distinguishes the Bilateria clade?

    Includes both invertebrates and vertebrates.

    What are the three major body plans in animals?

    Asymmetrical, radial symmetry, and bilateral symmetry.

    What is the importance of embryonic development in classification?

    Determines the number of germ layers and body cavity presence.

    What are the five monophyletic clades of the animal kingdom?

    Ctenophora, Porifera, Placazoa, Cnidaria, Bilateria.

    What happens if an animal lacks true muscle tissue?

    It may not be able to facilitate movement effectively.

    What characterizes the nervous system in animals?

    Receives and transmits electrical impulses through neurons.