PDF Notes: Life Processes (1)

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    What are life processes?

    Essential activities performed by organisms to sustain life.

    What is nutrition?

    Provides energy, growth, and development to organisms.

    What distinguishes autotrophic nutrition from heterotrophic nutrition?

    Autotrophs produce their own food; heterotrophs depend on others.

    What is photosynthesis?

    Process of converting light energy into chemical energy.

    What role do stomata play in plants?

    Facilitate gas exchange and regulate water loss.

    How do herbivores differ from carnivores in digestive system length?

    Herbivores have longer intestines for digesting cellulose.

    What is the main function of villi in the small intestine?

    Increase surface area for efficient absorption of nutrients.

    What is the difference between breathing and respiration?

    Breathing is a physical process; respiration is biochemical.

    What happens during aerobic respiration?

    Glucose is fully broken down to release energy.

    What is anaerobic respiration?

    Energy release without oxygen, resulting in lactic acid or ethanol.

    What is the role of hemoglobin in respiration?

    Transports oxygen from lungs to body tissues.

    What is the significance of the diaphragm in breathing?

    Changes chest cavity size to facilitate air intake and expulsion.

    What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis?

    6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2.

    What is holozoic nutrition?

    Ingestion of solid food, followed by digestion and absorption.

    What is the function of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?

    Creates acidic medium for enzyme activation and germ killing.

    What occurs during exhalation?

    Diaphragm relaxes, reducing chest cavity volume to push air out.

    What is the primary function of the alveoli?

    Gas exchange between air and blood.

    What distinguishes aerobic from anaerobic respiration?

    Aerobic uses oxygen; anaerobic does not.

    What is the role of the anal sphincter?

    Controls the removal of undigested waste from the body.

    What happens to carbon dioxide during photosynthesis?

    It is reduced to carbohydrates.

    What are life processes?

    Essential activities that sustain life.

    What is nutrition?

    Provides energy and supports growth.

    What defines autotrophic nutrition?

    Organisms make their own food using sunlight.

    How does heterotrophic nutrition differ from autotrophic?

    Depends on other organisms for food.

    What is photosynthesis?

    Conversion of light energy into chemical energy.

    What role do stomata play in plants?

    Facilitate gas exchange and transpiration.

    What happens during anaerobic respiration?

    Glucose is partially broken down without oxygen.

    How does aerobic respiration differ from anaerobic?

    Requires oxygen and produces more energy.

    What is the function of villi in the small intestine?

    Increase surface area for nutrient absorption.

    What is the main function of the diaphragm in respiration?

    Changes chest cavity size to facilitate breathing.

    What is the significance of hemoglobin in blood?

    Transports oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body.

    What is the process of excretion?

    Removal of waste products from the body.

    What is the role of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?

    Activates pepsin and kills harmful bacteria.

    What occurs during the digestion of proteins?

    Broken down into amino acids.

    What is the consequence of blocked stomata in plants?

    Reduces carbon dioxide intake, affecting photosynthesis.

    What is the main byproduct of anaerobic respiration in muscles?

    Lactic acid, which can cause fatigue.

    What distinguishes breathing from respiration?

    Breathing is a physical process; respiration is biochemical.

    What is the function of the large intestine?

    Absorbs excess water and removes waste.

    What happens to glucose during aerobic respiration?

    Completely broken down into carbon dioxide and water.

    What is the role of saliva in digestion?

    Contains enzymes that begin starch breakdown.

    How do herbivores' digestive systems differ from carnivores'?

    Herbivores have longer intestines for cellulose digestion.