PDF Notes: DERIV-137-156

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    What distinguishes futures contracts from forward contracts?

    Futures contracts have daily settlement of gains and losses.

    How is the futures price at inception calculated?

    It equals the spot price compounded at the risk-free rate.

    What is the impact of daily settlement on futures contracts?

    It resets the contract value to zero, reducing counterparty credit risk.

    Why do forward and futures prices differ?

    Differences arise from cash flow patterns and margin requirements.

    What happens to the futures price as it approaches maturity?

    It converges to the spot price.

    What is the relationship between interest rate futures and forward rate agreements?

    Interest rate futures provide a standardized alternative to FRAs.

    How does the cumulative realized MTM gain or loss compare between futures and forwards?

    They are approximately the same at contract maturity.

    What effect does a positive correlation between futures prices and interest rates have?

    It leads to futures profits reinvested at rising rates.

    What is the formula for calculating the futures price for short-term interest rate futures?

    It is given by (100 - yield).

    What is the no arbitrage condition for futures pricing?

    It ensures no riskless profit can be made through arbitrage.