LEC 1 Life and Cells

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    What defines life?

    Recognized by order, growth, reproduction, and response to the environment.

    What is DNA?

    Serves as the heritable information molecule in cells.

    How do prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells differ?

    Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and organelles; prokaryotic cells do not.

    What is the Central Dogma of molecular biology?

    Describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.

    What is the role of mRNA?

    Acts as an intermediate molecule in protein synthesis.

    What are the four nucleotides in DNA?

    Adenine, Cytosine, Thymine, and Guanine.

    What is ATP?

    Adenosine triphosphate, the energy currency of the cell.

    What distinguishes prokaryotic cells?

    They lack a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles.

    What is the significance of gene expression?

    Determines the proteins that influence appearance and behavior.

    What happens during transcription?

    DNA is converted into messenger RNA (mRNA).

    What is a key feature of cell membranes?

    Made of lipid bilayers, allowing selective permeability.

    What is the implication of non-coding DNA?

    It may not code for proteins but can have regulatory functions.

    How do cells utilize energy?

    Through processes like respiration and photosynthesis.

    What is the function of proteins in cells?

    Perform various tasks essential for cellular functions.

    What is the evolutionary significance of cellular organization?

    It reflects the unity and diversity of life forms.