Master this deck with 100 terms through effective study methods.
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the study of the structure of the body
the study of the function of the body
represents the atoms and molecules that make up cells (Consists of Atomic level and molecular level)
represents the basic unit of all living things
a group of cells with similar or common function
a group of tissues with similar or common function
a group of organs with similar or common function
the entire body consisting of the various organ systems.
controls body temperature & protects body from environmental hazards
supports body, protects soft body parts, stores minerals, forms blood cells
movement, support and produces heat
controls immediate responses to stimuli
controls long-term responses in body
internal transport of nutrients, wastes, oxygen, carbon dioxide and cells
defense, immunity and returns lost fluids to cardiovascular system
exchange of air and delivery of blood gases to/from tissues
ingestion, breakdown and absorption of food & elimination of indigestible wastes
filtration of blood to maintain proper water and salt balance and to eliminate waste products
produces sex cells and hormones related to reproduction
condition in which body's internal environment remains within certain narrow physiological limits
adjustment of physiological system to maintain homeostasis
monitors change in controlled condition (stimulus) and sends input to control center
receives input from receptor & determines appropriate response
cell or organ that receives information (output) from control center and produces a response (effect)
stimulus -> receptor -> input (afferent pathway) -> control center -> output (efferent pathway) -> response
the response by the effector to the initial change is to further exaggerate the change. Example in labor contractions, the contraction of the uterus forces the baby towards the birth canal, which
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the response by the effector to the initial change is to counter or reduce that change, thus bringing the system back to its "normal" state. Example When blood sugar level rises, the pancreas secretes
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patient is erect, feet apart and palms facing anteriorly Cephalic = head
upper portion of head surrounding brain
face
neck
chest
armpit
point of shoulder
fleshy portion of shoulder
upper arm
forearm
front of elbow
wrist
hand
fingers or toes
region of trunk between diaphragm and pelvis
back
lower back
back of elbow
pelvis
anterior pelvis
junction of trunk and thighs (groin)
buttocks
thigh
front of knee
back of knee
anterior of lower leg (shin)
posterior of lower leg (calf)
ankle
foot
bottom of foot
cephalic = cranial) = towards the head
caudal) = away from the head
towards the front
towards the back
towards the midline
away from the midline
towards the point of attachment (limbs)
away from the point of attachment (limbs)
towards the surface (i.e., skin)
away from the surface
separates the body into right and left parts
median = separates the body into equal right and left parts
separates the body into unequal right and left parts
coronal = separates the body into anterior and posterior parts
horizontal - cross-sectional -separates the body into superior and inferior parts
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The two major cavities of the body are the dorsal body cavity and the ventral body cavity.
The organs in the ventral body cavity are surrounded by serous membranes which allow for organ movement. There are no serous membranes in he dorsal body cavity.
surrounds the brain and spinal cord.
the cranial cavity surrounds the brain and the spinal cavity surrounds the spinal cord.
includes the thoracic cavity and the abdominopelvic cavity.
is the cavity superior to the diaphragm and the abdominopelvic cavity is inferior to the diaphragm.
two pleural cavities, which contain the lungs, one pericardial cavity, which contains the
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is separated into two regions, which are not truly separated from one another in the
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which contains primarily the digestive organs and the pelvic cavity, which contains primarily the reproductive and urinary organs.
are found within the ventral body cavity. They consist of two layers of membrane with fluid =(called serous fluid) in between the two layers.
which is closest to the organ, is
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which is closest to the body wall, is called the parietal layer.
serous membranes surrounding lungs
outer serous membrane surrounding lungs
inner serous membrane surrounding lungs
serous membranes surrounding heart
outer serous membrane surrounding heart
inner serous membrane surrounding heart
serous membranes lining organs in the abdominopelvic cavity (surrounding digestive, reproductive and
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outer serous membrane surrounding organs in the abdominopelvic region
inner serous membrane surrounding organs in the abdominopelvic region