attitude

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    What defines attitudes?

    They influence how we respond to various objects.

    What are the components of attitudes?

    Affect, behavior, and cognition.

    How do individual attitudes differ from societal attitudes?

    Individual attitudes can be null or irrelevant, while societal attitudes change over time.

    What is instrumental conditioning?

    Direct experience leading to reinforcement of attitudes.

    What is cognitive dissonance?

    An inconsistency between attitude and behavior that motivates change.

    What is the role of observational learning in attitude formation?

    Adopting attitudes from others without direct experience.

    What happens when attitudes are inconsistent?

    It creates dissonance, prompting a change to restore balance.

    What is Balance Theory?

    It explains how imbalances in attitudes lead to changes.

    What conditions reduce prejudice according to Intergroup Contact Theory?

    Sustained contact, personal connection, and social status equality.

    How does affect influence attitudes?

    It shapes emotional reactions toward an object.

    What is the impact of strong attitudes?

    They are resistant to change and often consistent across components.

    What distinguishes in-group from out-group attitudes?

    In-group attitudes are positive towards members, while out-group attitudes are often negative.