heredity

What does heterozygous mean?

Involves non-identical alleles at a gene locus.

What does homozygous mean?

Involves identical alleles at a gene locus.

What is an allele?

Different forms of a gene at a specific locus.

What is a genotype?

The specific genetic makeup of an individual.

What is a phenotype?

The observable traits expressed by an organism.

What characterizes a dominant allele?

It can mask the expression of recessive traits.

What characterizes a recessive allele?

It is masked by dominant alleles in heterozygotes.

What defines hybrid offspring?

They inherit non-identical alleles for a trait.

What is incomplete dominance?

A heterozygous phenotype is a blend of both alleles.

What sex chromosomes do females have?

They possess two X sex chromosomes.

What sex chromosomes do males have?

They possess one X and one Y sex chromosome.

What is Mendel's law of segregation?

Alleles separate into different gametes during meiosis.

From whom does a color-blind male inherit the recessive allele?

He receives it from his mother.

What type of inheritance pattern is human blood type?

It is an example of multiple alleles.

Where are sex-linked genes located?

They are found on the X or Y chromosome.

What are the possible genotypes of offspring from a heterozygous free earlobed male and an attached earlobed female?

½ Ee, ½ ee

What are the possible phenotypes of offspring from a heterozygous free earlobed male and an attached earlobed female?

½ free, ½ attached

What are the possible genotypes of offspring from two heterozygous free earlobed parents?

¼ EE, ½ Ee, ¼ ee

What are the possible phenotypes of offspring from two heterozygous free earlobed parents?

¾ free, ¼ attached

What is the genotype of parents if all offspring have Tt?

TT and tt

What are the possible genotypes of offspring from a homozygous green, heterozygous short watermelon and a heterozygous green, long watermelon?

¼ GGSs, ¼ GGss, ¼ GgSs, ¼ Ggss

What are the possible phenotypes of offspring from a homozygous green, heterozygous short watermelon and a heterozygous green, long watermelon?

½ Green, Short, ½ Green, Long

What are the possible genotypes of offspring from a striped homozygous short watermelon and a heterozygous green, short watermelon?

¼ GgSS, ¼ GgSs, ¼ ggss, ¼ ggSs

What are the possible phenotypes of offspring from a striped homozygous short watermelon and a heterozygous green, short watermelon?

½ green, short, ½ striped, short

What are the possible genotypes of offspring from two short-tailed cats?

¼ TNTN, ½ TNTL, ¼ TLTL

What are the possible phenotypes of offspring from two short-tailed cats?

¼ no tail, ½ short tail, ¼ long tail

What color are the kittens from a yellow male and a black female cat?

All black

How do you know the color of the kittens from a yellow male and a black female cat?

Kittens inherit X chromosome from mother, which is black.

What are the possible genotypes from a colorblind man and a carrier mother?

¼ XCXN, ¼ XNY, ¼ XCXC, ¼ XCY

What are the possible phenotypes from a colorblind man and a carrier mother?

¼ normal female, ¼ colorblind female, ¼ normal male, ¼ colorblind male