Master this deck with 16 terms through effective study methods.
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It was the continuation of the Roman Empire in the East after 395.
It marked the end of the Byzantine Empire and the rise of Ottoman power.
To protect Christian pilgrims and reclaim Jerusalem from Muslim control.
It divided Christianity into Catholic and Orthodox branches.
He initiated and called for the Crusades to defend Christians.
They facilitated trade between the East and West, introducing new goods.
Sunni Muslims accept elected caliphs, while Shia believe in leadership through Muhammad's family.
To spread Islam through military conquest and conversion.
It led to the Muslim reconquest of Jerusalem from the Crusaders.
He held supreme power over military, legislative, and religious matters.
It weakened the Byzantine Empire and deepened the Catholic-Orthodox divide.
A hierarchical structure where land was exchanged for loyalty and service.
They promised forgiveness of sins for those who participated in the Crusades.
It preserved and transmitted classical knowledge and art to the West.
He served as both a political and religious leader of the Muslim community.
They were often in conflict over territory and influence in the region.