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    Master this deck with 30 terms through effective study methods.

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    What is diffusion?

    Movement of molecules from high to low concentration.

    What is osmosis?

    Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.

    How does facilitated transport differ from diffusion?

    Facilitated transport requires carrier proteins.

    What happens during active transport?

    Molecules move against their concentration gradient using energy.

    What is bulk transport?

    Transport of large particles via vesicle formation.

    What defines an isotonic solution?

    Equal solute and water concentrations inside and outside the cell.

    What occurs in a hypotonic solution?

    Cells swell as water enters due to lower solute concentration outside.

    What is the effect of a hypertonic solution on cells?

    Cells shrink as water exits due to higher solute concentration outside.

    What is the sodium-potassium pump?

    A pump that moves sodium out and potassium into the cell using ATP.

    What is exocytosis?

    Process where substances exit the cell via vesicle fusion with the membrane.

    What is phagocytosis?

    Endocytosis of large particles or cells.

    How does receptor-mediated endocytosis work?

    Specific molecules bind to receptors, leading to selective uptake.

    What is diffusion?

    Movement of molecules from high to low concentration.

    What is osmosis?

    Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.

    What defines facilitated transport?

    Requires carrier proteins to assist molecules across the membrane.

    How does active transport differ from passive transport?

    Active transport requires energy, while passive transport does not.

    What happens in a hypotonic solution?

    Cells swell as water enters due to lower solute concentration outside.

    What is a hypertonic solution?

    Causes cells to shrink as water exits due to higher solute concentration outside.

    What is isotonic solution?

    No net movement of water; solute concentrations are equal inside and outside.

    What is bulk transport?

    Movement of large particles via vesicle formation.

    What occurs during exocytosis?

    Vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane to release substances outside the cell.

    What is phagocytosis?

    Endocytosis of large particles or cells.

    What is pinocytosis?

    Endocytosis of liquids or small particles.

    What distinguishes receptor-mediated endocytosis?

    Specific uptake of molecules via receptor proteins.

    What role do aquaporins play in cells?

    Facilitate rapid water movement across the plasma membrane.

    What is the sodium-potassium pump?

    Transports sodium out and potassium into the cell, creating gradients.

    What is osmotic pressure?

    Pressure developed in a system due to osmosis.

    What happens to plant cells in a hypotonic solution?

    Turgor pressure develops, maintaining cell structure.

    What is cytolysis?

    Disruption of cells due to excessive water intake.

    What is crenation?

    Shrinking of red blood cells in a hypertonic solution.