Master this deck with 24 terms through effective study methods.
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It simplifies an argument to make it easier to attack.
It undermines an argument by attacking the opponent's character.
It deflects criticism by responding with counter-criticism.
It assumes a claim is false due to poor argumentation.
Difficulty in understanding does not equate to falsehood.
It suggests that allowing one event will lead to extreme consequences.
It misapplies probability to independent events.
It presents a situation as having only two possible outcomes.
It assumes correlation implies causation.
It incorrectly applies properties of parts to the whole or vice versa.
It relies on personal experience instead of solid evidence.
It assumes the truth lies between two opposing arguments.
It validates a claim based on its popularity.
It asserts a claim is true because an authority supports it.
It argues that something is valid simply because it is 'natural.'
It manipulates emotions instead of presenting logical arguments.
It dismisses criticisms by redefining a group to exclude counterexamples.
It judges something based on its origin rather than its merit.
It presents a circular argument where the conclusion is assumed.
It contains a presumption that makes it difficult to answer.
It incorrectly places the onus of proof on the critic.
It uses unclear language to mislead or confuse.
It claims a middle ground must be the truth between extremes.
It creates exceptions to avoid falsification of a claim.