Master this deck with 66 terms through effective study methods.
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blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to other organs
small arteries within tissue - bring blood into capillaries
microscopic blood vessels that allow the exchange of substances between the blood and body tissues
small veins that receive blood from capillaries
blood vessels that convey blood from the tissues back to the heart.
forms the inner lining of a blood vessel and is in direct contact with the blood
thin layer of flattened cells that lines the inner surface of the entire cardiovascular system
muscular and connective tissue layer that displays the greatest variation among the different vessel types
outer covering of a blood vessel
largest arteries of the body that receive blood from the heart (Aorta and Pulmonary trunk)
medium-sized arteries that distribute blood to arterioles
most abundant capillaries in the body. Found in skin and muscle.
capillaries with small pores to increase permeability. Found in the kidneys, small intestine, and endocrine glands.
capillaries with large holes and incomplete basement membranes to allow the passage of large proteins and cells. Found in the liver, spleen, and bone marrow.
"Tight capillaries" formed by astrocytes.
movement of substances down their concentration gradient. Method by which oxygen, carbon dioxide, glucose, amino acids, and certain hormones are exchanged at capillaries.
movement of substances across endothelial cells using membrane vesicles. Method by which large, lipid-insoluble molecules are exchanged at capillaries.
passive process in which large numbers of ions, molecules, or particles in a fluid move together in the same direction
pressure-driven movement of fluid and solutes from blood capillaries into interstitial fluid
pressure-driven movement from interstitial fluid into blood capillaries
pressure generated by the pumping action of the heart - promotes filtration at capillaries
main pressure promoting reabsorption ("pulling") of fluid into capillaries - due almost entirely to the presence in blood of plasma proteins
sum of all pressures acting at a site along a capillary - indicates the direction of fluid movement
vessels that collect excess filtered fluid from tissues
+10mmHg (net outward pressure)
-9mmHg (net inward pressure)
Overall, the volume of fluid and solutes reabsorbed is almost as large as the volume filtered - resulting in a slight excess of filtered fluid
an abnormal increase in interstitial fluid volume - can be caused by hypertension, leaky capillaries, or loss of plasma proteins
the forces involved in circulating blood throughout the body
the highest pressure attained in arteries
the lowest arterial pressure
the average blood pressure in arteries, is roughly one-third of the way between the diastolic and systolic pressures
the opposition to blood flow due to friction between blood and the walls of blood vessels
lumen size, blood viscosity, and vessel length
the volume of blood flowing back to the heart through the systemic veins
decreasing the lumen diameter resulting in an increase in blood pressure
increasing the lumen diameter resulting in a decrease in blood pressure
Conditions that reduce blood volume and therefore blood pressure.
Medications that reduce cardiac output and therefore reduce blood pressure.
Medications that vasodilator blood vessels and therefore reduce blood pressure.
Medications that inhibit an enzyme involved in the renin-angiotension system and therefore reduce blood pressure.
Drugs like furosemide (Lasix) that remove fluid from the body and therefore reduce blood pressure.
Nerve that transmits signals from baro- and chemoreceptors in the carotid arteries to the cardiovascular center in the medulla oblongata.
Nerve that transmits signals from baro- and chemoreceptors in the arch of the aorta to the cardiovascular center in the medulla oblongata.
Nerves that stimulate vasoconstriction of blood vessels.
pressure-sensitive neurons that monitor stretching
sensory receptors that monitor the chemical composition of blood
Hormone that acts as a potent vasoconstrictor and stimulates secretion of aldosterone
Hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla that increase blood pressure by increasing cardiac output and vasoconstriction of blood vessels.
Hormone produced in response to dehydration or low blood volume - acts as a vasoconstrictor and increases blood volume by decreasing urine output.
Hormone produced by the heart when blood volume is high - causes vasodilation and promotes loss of sodium and water, thus reducing blood volume.
Liver
Small Intestines
Kidneys
Brain
Stomach
Answer 1: continuous Answer 2: fenestrated Answer 3: sinusoid
median cubital
inferior mesenteric artery
vasoconstriction
vena cava
atrial natriuretic peptide
medulla oblongata
Insulin
kidney
arteriolar vasodilation