PDF Notes: Fluid Mechanics Notes

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    What are the three conservation laws in fluid mechanics?

    Mass, energy, and momentum remain constant in an isolated system.

    How does conservation of energy apply in fluid mechanics?

    Energy can change forms but cannot be created or destroyed.

    What does Newton's first law state?

    An object remains at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by a force.

    What is the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration?

    Force equals mass times acceleration (F=ma).

    What is shear stress?

    It results from forces applied tangentially to a material.

    How do fluids behave under shear stress?

    Fluids flow indefinitely, while solids deform to a new shape.

    What is density in fluid mechanics?

    Density is mass per unit volume of a fluid.

    What is pressure defined as?

    Pressure is the force exerted per unit area.

    What distinguishes absolute pressure from gauge pressure?

    Absolute pressure is measured relative to a vacuum, while gauge pressure is relative to atmospheric pressure.

    What happens to pressure in a static fluid with depth?

    Pressure increases with depth due to the weight of the fluid above.

    What does Pascal's Law state?

    Pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted undiminished in all directions.

    How does pressure vary in a stationary fluid?

    Pressure is equal at a given depth regardless of the container's shape.

    What is the formula for pressure difference with depth?

    Pressure difference equals density times gravity times height (ΔP = ρgh).

    What is the implication of pressure increasing with depth?

    It indicates that deeper points in a fluid experience greater force due to overlying fluid.