Master this deck with 59 terms through effective study methods.
Imported from Quizlet
studies psychology, metal, and social changes occurring through lifespan
1. nature and nurture 2. continuity and stages 3. stability vs. change
sperm and ovum unite
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zygote (fertilized egg), rapid cell division, 10 days after conception the zygote attaches to the uterine wall
embryo (inner cells of zygote), organs begin to form and function, heart begins to beat
organ through which nutrients and oxygen pass from mom to baby
fetus, organs continue to develop
fetus fills the entire uterus
sex can be determined
mom can feel movement
age of viability (fetus has chance of survival outside the womb)
drugs, chemicals, or viruses that reach the embryo or fetus and cause harm (alcohol, smoking, caffeine)
if mom drinks alcohol heavily during pregnancy, the baby will likely be born with a small, disproportional head and abnormal facial features. Brain abnormalities, low intelligence and birthweight
mom drinks alcohol while pregnant (some risks less severe than FAS)
unlearned responses triggered by specific stimuli
retrieval of nutrients, protection from danger, foundation of motor activity
newborn fans out the toes when the sole of the foot is touched
baby abruptly throws arms out and then inward when head is falling/hearing a loud noise
cheek stroked, baby turns head and opens mouth
baby will suck when object is placed in mouth
when held upright and moved forward, baby will step forward rhythmically
the orderly sequence of biological growth
all mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating
metal picture or concept that organizes out past experiences which then provides a framework for understanding future experiences
interpreting new experiences in terms of our existing schema
adapting and adjusting our current schemas to incorporate new information
neural networks and synapses not made before 3.5 years, therefore we can't recall memories before then
sensorimotor: experiencing the world through senses and actions, stranger anxiety after 8 months
preoperational: uses words and images but lacks logic
difficulty viewing things from another's POV
concrete operational: logical thinking (develop in math)
change in form, mass, or volume does not mean change in quantity
formal operational: more abstract thinking, development in math and systematic reasoning
able to reason regarding hypothetical situations and development in scientific reasoning
thinking about ethical and social issues
studied how children think and learn via social environment and interaction
helps to solve problems out loud, control behavior, emotions, and to master new skills
a disorder that appears in childhood and is marked by significant deficiencies in communication and social interaction, and by rigidly fixated interests and repetitive behaviors
a powerful survival impulse, keeping infants close to their caregivers
body contact, familiarity, and boba's temperament
baby will explore new environment, mom leaves and baby is distressed, mom returns and baby seeks comfort
baby less likely to explore, mom leaves and baby cries, mom returns and baby is still upset
a child will be confident, enthusiastic, persistent, and outgoing
a child will be withdrawn, frightened, and speechless
a child will be upset, withdrawn, and have difficulty eating and sleeping
authoritarian, permissive, and authoritative
impose rules and expect obedience. no questions asked/coercive. children will have lower self-esteem and social skills
parents make few demands and little punishment. indifferent. children will be aggressive and immature
demanding yet responsive. open to discussion and will allow exceptions. children will have higher self-reliance, self-esteem, and social competence
focused on moral reasoning
trust vs. mistrust
autonomy vs shame/doubt
initiative vs guilt
competence vs inferiority
identity vs role confusion
intimacy vs isolation
generativity vs stagnation
integrity vs despair