restauración 1

What initiated the Restauración in Spain?

The pronouncement by General Martínez Campos in Sagunto.

What was the main goal of the Restauración?

To stabilize the monarchy after political instability.

How did the Restauración affect Spain's political system?

It established a bipartite system with alternating parties.

What characterized the political landscape during the Restauración?

Fraudulent electoral practices and caciquismo.

What was caciquismo?

A corrupt electoral system controlled by local leaders.

What was the Pacto del Pardo?

An agreement ensuring peaceful alternation of power between parties.

What were the main social classes during the Restauración?

A wealthy bourgeoisie and a powerful landowning oligarchy.

What economic model was consolidated during the Restauración?

A capitalist economy with dominant agrarian practices.

What was the impact of the 1898 crisis on Spain?

It highlighted the need for political regeneration.

What was the significance of the Constitution of 1876?

It established a centralized state and limited suffrage.

How did the death of Alfonso XII affect the Restauración?

It led to the regency of María Cristina and continued political instability.

What was the role of the Partido Conservador?

It represented traditional interests and supported the monarchy.

What was the role of the Partido Liberal?

It advocated for broader rights and universal male suffrage.

What was the consequence of the electoral fraud system?

It prevented the development of true democracy in Spain.

What was the III Guerra Carlista?

A conflict that ended with the integration of Carlists into the political system.

What was the outcome of the Guerra en Cuba?

Recognition of Cuban rights but dissatisfaction among Cubans.

What was the impact of the movement obrero?

It emerged as a response to poor labor conditions and political exclusion.

What was the significance of the Asociación Internacional de Trabajadores?

It coordinated labor struggles across different countries.

What was the effect of the suffrage censitario?

It restricted voting rights to economically capable men.

What did the term 'turno pacífico' refer to?

The peaceful alternation of power between the Conservative and Liberal parties.

What was the First International Workers' Association?

It aimed to establish labor conditions and unite workers globally.

What are the two ideologies that developed from the labor movement?

Anarchism seeks to abolish authority, while Marxism advocates for a communist state.

How did the labor movement in Spain organize in the 1940s?

Workers formed mutual aid societies to address labor issues.

What was the role of the CNT?

It was an anarcho-syndicalist organization advocating for workers' rights.

What did the PSOE aim to achieve?

It sought to represent the proletariat and implement socialist reforms.

What was the significance of the Bases de Manresa?

It outlined the foundations of political Catalanism and autonomy.

How did the Catalan nationalism differ from the Basque nationalism?

Catalan nationalism was more focused on federalism, while Basque nationalism was rooted in rural carlism.

What triggered the Cuban War of Independence?

The desire for Cuba to be recognized as a province of Spain.

What was the outcome of the Treaty of Paris (1898)?

Spain ceded Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines to the United States.

What was the 'disaster of '98'?

It marked the end of the Spanish Empire and led to national introspection.

What did the Generación del 98 focus on?

They analyzed Spain's problems and called for moral and cultural regeneration.

What was the main critique of the regeneracionista movement?

It highlighted social inequality and the need for political reform.