Master this deck with 69 terms through effective study methods.
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Focuses on physical/ cognitive/ social/ emotional changes from conception until death.
To understand basic developmental processes and to help people.
Prenatal, Infancy, Early Childhood, Middle Childhood, Adolescence.
Social, Emotional, Cognitive, Physical.
Sources of development (nature vs. nurture), plasticity (how development varies over time), continuity/ discontinuity, and individual differences.
A set of principals that guide the interpretation of facts.
Naturalistic observation, interviews, ethnographic research, experiments, and surveys.
Cross-sectional research studies all variables at once. Longitudinal research studies one set of variables over time.
The use of symbolic/ material tools that accumulate over time and are passed on.
Vygotsky's theory that nature/ nurture indirectly shape development through culture.
Physical objects; pencil, pen, etc...
Abstract ideas; the American dream.
The way a culture and its tools relate to what you do in life (i.e. basket weaving out of necessity).
Tools available in one's own environment that helps them learn.
Learning from watching others.
Learning through being taught.
Transferring characteristics biologically.
The genes one carries.
The physical display of carried genes.
How one shapes and modifies their own environment.
Environmental changes that affect child development as a result of niche construction.
Attempts to explain human behaviour in terms of how it contributes to our survival.
Lactose intolerance developed because milk is a necessity; sickle cell anemia in response to malaria.
Germinal, Embryonic, Fetal.
Environmental agents that increase infant health risks; second-hand smoke.
Contractions, Passage Through Birth Canal, Delivery of Placenta.
Certain cultural practices can benefit a child's growth; Lack of proper nourishment can harm a child's health; Some cultures allow for maternity leaves.
Cognitive development results from children's active construction of reality through world experience.
A mental structure that provides a model for understanding the world.
The balance between current schemas and new experiences.
The incorporation of new experiences into existing schemas.
Modifying a schema to incorporate new experiences.
Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete Operational, Formal Operational.
Used to transmit information.
Spinal cord, Brain stem, cerebral cortex.
Mylenation, synaptogenesis, development of sensory capabilities, reflexes, coordination of behaviour.
Individual modes of responding to the world.
Mylenation, exuberant synaptogenesis, synaptic pruning, role of experience.
Fine motor skills allow for more delicate tasks, such as grasping objects, while gross motor skills allow for less delicate tasks, such as walking.
Reflex schemas, primary circular reactions, secondary circular reactions, coordination of secondary circular reactions, tertiary circular reactions, symbolic representation.
Even though we can not longer see the object, it still exists.
Memory capacity, motor preservation, capture error.
More complex behaviour generates from multiple simplistic behaviours working in unison.
Behaviour results from immediate circumstances and experience with those circumstances.
Counting, Causality, Categorization.
Increased ability to sustain attention and process information about targets.
Trust vs. Mistrust, Autonomy vs. Self-Doubt, Initiative vs. Guilt, Industry vs. Inferiority, Identity vs. Role Confusion, Intimacy vs. Isolation, Generativity vs. Stagnation, Integrity vs. Despair.
Trust vs. Mistrust, Autonomy vs. Self-Doubt.
Physiology, communication, cognition, action.
A way of moderating and controlling emotions.
Gradual differentiation, differential emotions, otogenetic adaptations.
Organized, reciprocal interaction between infant and caregiver, with interaction being the most important factor.
Emotional bond between and child and the child's caregiver.
A desire to be near the caregiver, distress when separated from the caregiver, happy upon reunion with the caregiver, actions oriented towards caregiver.
Pre-Attachment, Attachment in the Making, Clear-Cut Attachment, Reciprocal Relationship Group.
People who make the child feel secure and comfortable exploring the world.
Fear when the child's secure base is absent.
A schema of relationships resulting from experiences with caregivers; related to social skills, self confidence, etc...
Secure attachment, Insecure-avoidant, Insecure-ambivalent, Disorganized.
Mom and child in the room. Stranger walks in. Mom leaves. Baby reacts. Mom returns.
Interaction with the child's caregiver about emotional sharing and the world beyond.
Looking to the child's caregiver for information on how to respond to something.
Development of embarrassment, pride, shame, guild, and envy.
Standard beauty ideals contribute to the desire to purchase make-up supplies.
Co-sleeping vs. Isolated sleeping.
Studying psychology through various cultures.
Lack of sleep as a result of baby; worry over harming baby. Desire to be near baby; desire for intimacy with child.
Need for children to be independent; potential hindering of child's development.
Article is peer reviewed; article contains TAIMRDRTA.