Master this deck with 48 terms through effective study methods.
Imported from Quizlet
A substance with a physiological effect when taken
Drug that activates a receptor
Drug that blocks a receptor
How strongly a drug binds a receptor
How strongly a drug activates a receptor after binding
Reward center driven by dopamine
Dopamine‑driven search for reward; triggered by cues
Needing higher dose for same effect
Symptoms when stopping a drug
Non‑drug behaviors causing dopamine release (e.g., gambling)
Slow‑acting opioid substitute; prevents 'rush'
Makes alcohol cause nausea; discourages drinking
Persistent sadness + no pleasure (anhedonia)
More right prefrontal activity than left
Low serotonin/dopamine/norepinephrine in depression
Blocks serotonin reuptake (↑ serotonin)
Blocks serotonin + norepinephrine reuptake
Blocks monoamine breakdown (↑ monoamines)
Fast antidepressant; NMDA antagonist
Magnetic stimulation for depression
Protein for neuron growth; lower in depression
Increases BDNF; improves mood
Seasonal depression (usually winter)
SCN/circadian rhythm dysfunction
Bright‑light therapy
Cycles of mania + depression
Full mania episodes
Hypomania (mild mania)
Restless activity, impulsive behavior, reduced inhibition
↑ glucose in mania; overactive amygdala; low frontal control
Lithium, valproate, carbamazepine (reduce glutamate activity)
6+ months dysfunction + 2 symptoms (hallucinations, delusions, etc.)
Hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech/behavior
Flat emotion, low speech, social withdrawal
Attention + memory problems
Less gray/white matter; large ventricles; small hippocampus
Too much dopamine at D2 receptors
Too little glutamate; NMDA receptor underactivity
PCP blocks NMDA → produces schizophrenia‑like symptoms
Block D2 receptors
More serotonin/glutamate effect; fewer motor side effects
Social deficits, communication issues, repetitive behaviors
Very strong or weak sensory reactions
Normal eye contact at 2 months → declines later
Genetic factors; high fetal testosterone/progesterone
Folic acid during pregnancy reduces risk
Behavioral therapy for social + behavioral skills
Autism Spectrum Disorder