Master this deck with 21 terms through effective study methods.
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System calls provide the interface between the operating system and application programs, allowing applications to request services from the OS.
The command interpreter is responsible for getting and executing the next user-specified command, acting as a bridge between the user and the operating system.
An API, or Application Programming Interface, is a set of routines, protocols, and tools that allows different software applications to communicate with the operating system.
A library is a collection of precompiled routines that a program can use, while an API defines the methods and data structures that developers can use to interact with the library or operating system.
Assembly instructions are low-level programming commands that are executed by the CPU, and they can be used to interact directly with the operating system for performance-critical tasks.
System calls are crucial because they allow application programs to perform operations such as file manipulation, process control, and communication with hardware, which are essential for functionality.
The user interface provides a means for users to interact with the operating system, allowing them to execute commands, manage files, and access system resources.
The kernel is the core component of an operating system that manages system resources, including memory, processes, and hardware communication.
File management is responsible for the organization, storage, retrieval, naming, sharing, and protection of files on a storage device.
The operating system manages memory through techniques such as paging, segmentation, and virtual memory, ensuring efficient allocation and protection of memory space for processes.
Process scheduling is the method by which an operating system decides which processes run at any given time, optimizing CPU usage and ensuring fair resource allocation.
Multitasking allows multiple processes to run concurrently, improving system efficiency and user experience by enabling users to perform several tasks at once.
A deadlock is a situation in which two or more processes are unable to proceed because each is waiting for the other to release resources, leading to a standstill.
Device drivers are specialized software components that allow the operating system to communicate with hardware devices, enabling proper functionality and control.
User authentication is a security measure that verifies the identity of users before granting them access to the system, protecting sensitive data and resources.
An operating system ensures security through mechanisms such as user authentication, access controls, encryption, and regular updates to protect against vulnerabilities.
A shell is a user interface that allows users to interact with the operating system by entering commands, either through a command line or a graphical interface.
Virtual memory is a memory management technique that allows the execution of processes that may not be completely in memory, enabling larger applications to run on systems with limited physical memory.
A process is an independent program in execution, while a thread is a smaller unit of a process that can run concurrently, sharing the same resources and memory space.
The file system organizes and manages files on storage devices, providing a way to store, retrieve, and manipulate data efficiently.
System monitoring involves tracking system performance and resource usage to ensure optimal operation and to identify potential issues before they affect system stability.