Master this deck with 20 terms through effective study methods.
Generated from uploaded pdf
The end of the July Monarchy was marked by an uprising on February 22, 1848, which led to the formation of a provisional government and the proclamation of the Second Republic on February 25, 1848.
On March 5, 1848, universal male suffrage was reinstated in France, allowing a significant increase in the number of eligible voters from 250,000 to 10 million.
The coup d'état on December 2, 1851, led to the end of the Second Republic and the establishment of the Second Empire, with Louis Napoléon Bonaparte becoming the Emperor.
The Ateliers nationaux were created to provide employment for the unemployed, reflecting the hope for a more socially oriented Republic. However, they were abolished in June 1848 due to economic crises and political opposition.
The plébiscite on May 8, 1870, resulted in 85% approval for the constitutional reform that established a semi-parliamentary regime, allowing ministers to be responsible to the legislative chambers.
Victor Schoelcher was a key figure in the abolition of slavery in France, which was officially enacted on April 27, 1848, under his influence.
The abolition of the Ateliers nationaux in June 1848 led to widespread protests among workers, culminating in violent uprisings known as the June Days, resulting in thousands of casualties and arrests.
After his election, Louis Napoléon Bonaparte formed a government that was predominantly monarchist, which led to a shift towards a more conservative and reactionary political environment.
The 'five necessary freedoms' proposed by Thiers included the freedom of the press, freedom of assembly, and other civil liberties aimed at reinforcing democratic principles in France.
The Second Empire maintained its legitimacy through popular consultations, such as plebiscites, and by promoting economic prosperity and military successes, which bolstered the emperor's prestige.
After 1850, suffrage was restricted by requiring voters to have resided in the same place for three years, effectively disenfranchising many workers who were mobile due to employment.
The 'right of amendment' allowed the Corps législatif to modify proposed laws, marking a step towards greater legislative power and a slight liberalization of the political regime under the Second Empire.
The elections in April 1848 resulted in a victory for monarchists and moderate republicans, which shifted the political landscape away from radical republican ideals.
In 1868, the press was no longer subject to prior authorization, allowing for greater freedom of expression and contributing to the political discourse of the time.
Napoleon III sought to maintain a direct link with the people through plebiscites and public appearances, portraying himself as a leader who represented the will of the nation.
The 'June Days' uprising resulted in a violent crackdown by the government, leading to approximately 5,000 deaths and the imprisonment of many workers, further alienating the working class from the Republic.
The defeat at Sedan on September 2, 1870, led to the collapse of the Second Empire and the proclamation of the Third Republic on September 4, 1870, marking a significant shift in French governance.
The abolition of the death penalty during the Second Republic represented a progressive shift towards more humane legal practices and reflected the broader democratic ideals of the time.
Following the coup d'état, many political dissenters, including prominent figures like Victor Hugo, were exiled or imprisoned, leading to a suppression of opposition to the regime.
During the coup d'état of 1851, the army played a crucial role in occupying Paris, arresting parliament members, and suppressing resistance, thereby facilitating the establishment of the Second Empire.