Master this deck with 20 terms through effective study methods.
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Resolution is the ability to distinguish between two structures that are very close together. It can be improved with contrast and staining techniques.
Magnification is calculated by multiplying the ocular lens magnification, typically 10x, by the objective lens magnification. For example, if the objective lens is 40x, the total magnification would be 400x.
The three main parts of cell theory are: 1) All living beings are made of cells, 2) Cells are the basic unit of structure and function for all organisms, and 3) All cells come from pre-existing cells.
The cell membrane acts as a protective barrier for the cell, regulating what enters and exits. It is often compared to the skin of the cell.
Zacharias Janssen is credited with inventing the first microscope around 1590, which contained two lenses.
In 1665, Robert Hooke studied cork under a microscope and discovered small compartments, which he named 'cells'.
Light microscopes are portable, affordable, and can view live specimens, while electron microscopes have much greater magnification and resolution but can only view dead specimens and produce black and white images.
Chloroplasts are organelles in plant cells that convert sunlight into food through the process of photosynthesis, giving plants their green color.
Ribosomes are small organelles that synthesize proteins by translating messenger RNA into polypeptide chains.
Maximizing surface area allows for more efficient cellular processes, such as respiration, by increasing the area available for chemical reactions.
The nucleus is the largest organelle in a cell, containing genetic material and controlling cellular activities. It is often visible under a compound light microscope.
Plant cells have a cell wall, large central vacuoles, and chloroplasts, while animal cells have multiple small vacuoles and centrioles, and are generally rounder in shape.
Cell structures are composed of lipids (fats and oils), carbohydrates (sugars, starches, and cellulose), and proteins, which are essential for various cellular functions.
Photosynthesis is the process by which chloroplasts in plant cells convert sunlight into chemical energy, producing glucose and oxygen as byproducts.
In plant cells, vacuoles are large and serve to store nutrients and waste products, while in animal cells, vacuoles are smaller and more numerous, also involved in storage.
Active recall is a study strategy that enhances memory retention by actively retrieving information from memory, making it effective for learning and exam preparation.
Staining specimens enhances contrast, allowing for better visualization of structures under a microscope, which can improve resolution and detail in the observed images.
The cell wall provides structural support and protection to plant cells, maintaining their shape and preventing excessive water uptake.
In 1838, Matthias Schleiden concluded that all plants are made of cells and that the nucleus plays a role in cell division.
In 1839, Theodor Schwann concluded that all animals are made of cells, further supporting the principles of cell theory.