Master this deck with 21 terms through effective study methods.
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The term 'nation' originally refers to a group united by a common sense of belonging, characterized by shared traits such as territory, language, state, and a shared history.
During the French Revolution, the concept of 'nation' evolved to become a political actor that challenged the absolute monarchy, marking a significant transformation in French political life.
In June 1789, the National Assembly was formed, which represented the French population and began to contest the authority of the absolute monarchy.
Henri de Dreux-Brezé was a messenger sent by the king to the deputies of the Estates-General to order them to leave their meeting. His request was met with defiance from deputies like Bailly and Mirabeau.
This phrase, meaning 'The assembled nation cannot receive orders,' signifies the assertion of the National Assembly's authority over the king, representing the will of the people.
The term 'monarchie limitée' refers to a constitutional monarchy where the king shares power with a parliament, a political regime that emerged during the French Revolution.
France experienced several political regimes: absolute monarchy, limited or constitutional monarchy, republic, and finally an empire under Napoleon.
The coup d'état of Napoleon Bonaparte in 1799 is commonly cited as the end of the French Revolution, marking the transition to a more personal form of governance.
The year 1815 is significant as it marks the fall of the First Empire established by Napoleon, often considered the conclusion of the revolutionary period.
The French Revolution contributed to a new conception of the nation by promoting ideas of popular sovereignty, citizenship, and the notion that the authority of the state derives from the people.
The Estates-General was convened by the king to address financial issues but became a platform for the representation of the French populace, leading to the formation of the National Assembly.
The formation of the National Assembly marked the first significant challenge to the French monarchy, asserting that the authority of the king was subordinate to the will of the people.
The term 'république' signifies a political regime in which leaders are elected by the populace, representing a shift from monarchical rule to a government accountable to the citizens.
Mirabeau was a prominent deputy in the National Assembly who vocally defended the authority of the Assembly against the king, emphasizing the legitimacy of the people's will.
The French Revolution brought significant social changes, including the abolition of feudal privileges, and economic changes such as the redistribution of land and the establishment of a more equitable taxation system.
The French Revolution inspired other nations by promoting ideas of democracy, nationalism, and the rights of citizens, leading to revolutionary movements across Europe and beyond.
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen was a foundational document of the French Revolution that articulated the principles of individual rights, equality, and the sovereignty of the people.
The main causes of the French Revolution included social inequality, financial crisis, the influence of Enlightenment ideas, and widespread discontent with the absolute monarchy.
The Jacobins were a radical political group that played a key role during the Revolution, advocating for the establishment of a republic and the use of revolutionary terror to achieve their goals.
Napoleon's rise to power centralized authority and established an empire, effectively ending the revolutionary experiment with democracy and leading to a new form of autocratic rule.
The Napoleonic Wars had a profound impact on Europe, leading to the spread of revolutionary ideals, the redrawing of national boundaries, and the eventual rise of nationalism in various countries.