Master this deck with 22 terms through effective study methods.
Generated from text input
The Western Roman Empire lasted from AD 395 to 476, while the Eastern Roman Empire, also known as the Byzantine Empire, lasted from AD 330 to 1453.
The Roman government was characterized by various political structures including the Kingdom, Republic, Sullan Republic, and Empire, with significant reforms during the Augustan period and the Late Empire.
Imperium refers to the supreme authority held by certain magistrates in Rome, allowing them to command armies and govern provinces, symbolizing the power of the state.
Roman citizenship evolved from a privilege granted to a select few to a more inclusive status, eventually extended to all free inhabitants of the empire, which provided legal rights and protections.
The Cursus Honorum was the sequential order of public offices held by aspiring politicians in Rome, establishing a career path that included roles such as Quaestor, Aedile, Praetor, and Consul.
The Roman Republic had several types of assemblies, including the Centuriate Assembly, Curiate Assembly, Plebeian Assembly, and Tribal Assembly, each serving distinct functions in governance.
Extraordinary magistrates included officials like the Dictator, who was appointed in times of crisis with absolute power, and the Magister Equitum, who served as the dictator's deputy.
The Senate was a powerful aristocratic body that advised magistrates, controlled public finances, and influenced legislation, although its authority was often overshadowed by the emperor.
Mos Maiorum refers to the traditional customs and unwritten laws of Rome that guided social behavior and political conduct, emphasizing the importance of ancestral practices.
The title 'Emperor' evolved from the term 'Imperator', originally a title granted to victorious generals, to denote the supreme ruler of the Roman Empire, particularly after Augustus.
The phrase 'Populus Senatusque' translates to 'The People and the Senate', reflecting the Roman belief in the authority derived from both the populace and the aristocratic Senate.
The Augustan reforms were a series of political, military, and social changes implemented by Emperor Augustus that stabilized the empire, restructured the military, and reformed taxation.
Auctoritas refers to the moral authority and influence held by individuals, particularly senators and magistrates, which was crucial for maintaining social order and political stability.
The Roman Consul was one of the highest elected officials, serving as a commander-in-chief of the army and presiding over the Senate and assemblies, with significant executive powers.
The Tribune was originally a representative of the plebeians with the power to veto decisions harmful to them, but over time, their role expanded to include significant political influence.
The 'Senatus Consultum Ultimum' was a decree issued by the Senate during emergencies, granting extraordinary powers to magistrates to protect the state, often leading to authoritarian measures.
SPQR stands for 'Senatus Populusque Romanus', meaning 'The Senate and People of Rome', symbolizing the government of the Roman Republic and its authority derived from the citizenry.
The Censor was a magistrate responsible for conducting the census, overseeing public morals, and managing public contracts, playing a key role in maintaining the integrity of Roman citizenship.
The Roman Empire's governance was characterized by centralized authority under the emperor, contrasting with the Republic's system of checks and balances among elected officials and the Senate.
Triumviri refers to a political alliance of three men, often formed to consolidate power, such as the First Triumvirate of Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus, which significantly influenced Roman politics.
The title 'Pontifex Maximus' was the chief priest of Rome, responsible for overseeing religious practices and maintaining the favor of the gods, which was crucial for political legitimacy.
Public Law in ancient Rome governed the relationship between the state and individuals, encompassing laws related to citizenship, governance, and the rights of the populace.