Chapter 55 Assisting in the analysis of blood

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    What is the primary function of blood?

    Supplies nutrients and oxygen to cells.

    What does homeostasis refer to?

    Maintaining a constant internal environment.

    What are the main components of blood?

    Plasma, erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes.

    How does plasma contribute to blood function?

    Transports nutrients and waste products.

    What is the role of erythrocytes?

    Carry oxygen to cells and some carbon dioxide away.

    What is the lifespan of red blood cells?

    Approximately 120 days.

    What is the function of platelets?

    Assist in blood clotting.

    What is leukocytosis?

    An increase in white blood cell count.

    What does a high hematocrit value indicate?

    Possible dehydration or polycythemia vera.

    What is the normal range for hemoglobin in adult males?

    13.2–16.6 g/dL.

    What is the significance of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)?

    Indicates inflammation in the body.

    What is the purpose of blood typing?

    To prevent transfusion reactions.

    How does the ABO blood group system work?

    Classifies blood based on antigens present.

    What is the role of immunoglobulins?

    Function as antibodies in the immune response.

    What does a low platelet count indicate?

    Increased risk of bleeding.

    What is the function of hormones in the blood?

    Regulate body activities and functions.

    What is the normal range for white blood cells in adults?

    3,400 to 9,600 cells/mm3.

    What is the purpose of a complete blood count (CBC)?

    Provides a comprehensive look at blood components.

    What does the term 'anemia' refer to?

    A deficiency of hemoglobin in the blood.

    What is the significance of the prothrombin time (PT) test?

    Measures how long it takes blood to clot.

    What is the normal range for cholesterol levels?

    Total cholesterol under 200 mg/dL is normal.

    What is the role of the thyroid gland?

    Regulates metabolism through hormone production.